Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, 2004 (vol. 40), issue 2

Presence of a Translocation from Aegilops ventricosa in Wheat Cultivars Registered in the Czech Republic

P. Bartoš, J. Ovesná, A. Hanzalová, J. Chrpová, V. Dumalasová, M. Škorpík, V. Šíp

Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2004, 40(2):31-35 | DOI: 10.17221/3697-CJGPB  

The presence of a translocation from Aegilops ventricosa carrying the genes for rust resistance Yr17, Lr37 and Sr38 was analysed in recently registered, mostly western European wheat cultivars in the Czech Republic. By means of a PCR marker the presence of the translocation was determined in cvs. Bill, Clarus, Clever, Corsaire, Rapsodia, and in the Czech cv. Rheia. Novel are the data for cvs. Rapsodia, Clarus and Rheia. Infection tests indicated the presence of additional leaf rust resistance genes in cultivars with the translocation, except in cv. Rheia. Segregating progenies of six crosses between cv. Renan possessing Lr37and...

Chromosome Substitutions with Dominant Loci Vrn-1 and their Effect on Developmental Stages of Wheat

K. Pánková, J. Košner

Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2004, 40(2):37-44 | DOI: 10.17221/3698-CJGPB  

Wheat substitution lines which change winter to spring growth habit were obtained due to substitutions of homoeologous group 5 chromosomes carrying dominant genes Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1 and Vrn-D1 into the genetic backgrounds of the winter varieties Zdar (sensitive to photoperiod) and Košutka (insensitive to photoperiod), and thus replacing the recessive alleles vrn-A1, vrn-B1, vrn-D1 by dominant alleles. The influence of the substituted chromosomes carrying individual loci Vrn on developmental stages of wheat was studied. The verified donor wheat varieties of dominant Vrn loci were: Zlatka...

Differences Between South American H Haplome Diploids and I Haplome Diploids from the Perspective of the 5S rDNA Gene in the Genus Hordeum

B.R. Baum, D.J. Johnson

Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2004, 40(2):45-50 | DOI: 10.17221/3699-CJGPB  

Twelve South American diploid Hordeum species belonging to the H genome and three diploid species belonging to the I genome (including cultivated barley) were investigated for their 5S rDNA sequence diversity. The 374 sequenced clones were assigned to classes called "unit classes" which were further assigned to haplomes. Two unit classes were found to be present in each haplome. These were labelled to reflect the haplomes, viz. the long H1 and short I1 unit classes for the I haplome diploids, and the long H2 and long Y2 unit classes for the South American H genome diploids. The aligned sequences were subjected to a series of Maximum Likelihood...

Analysis of Inheritance and Growth of Curly Birch Progenies from Controlled Hybridisation and Possibilities of their Utilisation for Timber Production in Agricultural Landscape

V. Paganová

Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2004, 40(2):51-62 | DOI: 10.17221/3700-CJGPB  

The influence of habit form on progeny growth was studied within the evaluation of the height growth of curly birch hybrid progenies. In all years 1998, 1999 and 2001 statistically significant differences in height were found between progenies in dependence on the hybrid combination of their parents. A large variability of heights was recorded in particular hybrid combinations nearly in all evaluated years. The effect of distant hybridisation can occur within the combination of the parents with different habit forms and their progenies reach excellent growth rate. The qualitative characteristics - rhytidome colour, occurrence of curly grain (decorative...

A Plant Pathologist on Wheat Breeding with Special Reference to Septoria Diseases

J.C. Zadoks

Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2004, 40(2):63-71 | DOI: 10.17221/3701-CJGPB  

This review has a personal, plant pathologist's outlook on plant breeding. It touches upon some generalities, among which the "three stages" of plant breeding, participatory plant breeding and biotechnology in plant breeding. It delves deep into modern molecular studies on leaf blotch (anamorph Septoria tritici) and glume blotch (anamorph Septoria nodorum) of wheat. Epidemiological knowledge of the teleomorphs Mycosphaerella graminicola and Stagonospora nodorum has progressed with great strides. Consequences for applied plant breeding slowly become visible.

Prof. RTDr. Ing. Jan Rod, DrSc

J. Hartmann

Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2004, 40(2):72 | DOI: 10.17221/6091-CJGPB