Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, 2010 (vol. 46), issue 1

Questions and avenues for lucerne improvementReview

Paolo Annicchiarico, Carla Scotti, Maria Carelli, Luciano Pecetti

Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2010, 46(1):1-13 | DOI: 10.17221/90/2009-CJGPB  

Six crucial questions for lucerne breeders are set up and discussed in relation to the available information. (i) Which width of adaptation? Genotype נlocation interaction is region-specific and may be wide enough to justify breeding for specific adaptation. Genotype נexploitation interaction requires contrasting plant types for mowing and intensive grazing. (ii) Can we breed very drought-tolerant varieties? One drought-tolerant landrace exhibited a drought-avoidance, water-conservation strategy based on limited root development, while large root featured material adapted to favourable environments and/or frequent mowing. (iii) Which selection...

Reaction of wheat, alternative wheat and triticale cultivars to common buntOriginal Paper

Veronika Dumalasová, Pavel Bartoš

Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2010, 46(1):14-20 | DOI: 10.17221/73/2009-CJGPB  

Seventeen winter wheat cultivars registered in the Czech Republic were tested for reaction to common bunt in 2-3 year field trials. Bunt infection of resistant checks Globus and Bill varied between 4.1% and 10.6%; the highest infection in cv. Pitbull reached 85.9%. Of the recently registered cultivars Nikol has a relatively low bunt incidence (26.9%). In addition to bread wheat seventeen triticale, seven durum wheat cultivars, two spelt wheat cultivars and one emmer wheat cultivar were tested in the field and some of them also in the greenhouse. Bunt infection of durum wheats was lower than that of bread wheat cultivars. All seventeen tested triticale...

The impact of cultivar resistance and fungicide treatment on mycotoxin content in grain and yield losses caused by Fusarium head blight in wheatOriginal Paper

Václav Šíp, Jana Chrpová, Ondřej Veškrna, Ludmila Bobková

Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2010, 46(1):21-26 | DOI: 10.17221/93/2009-CJGPB  

Reactions to artificial infection with Fusarium graminearum isolates and a new fungicide Swing Top were studied in nine winter wheat cultivars evaluated in field experiments at two sites for three years for expression of symptoms, deoxynivalenol (DON) content in grain and grain yield. The results demonstrate a pronounced and relatively stable effect of cultivar resistance on reducing head blight, grain yield losses and contamination of grain by the mycotoxin DON. It is advantageous that the moderate level of resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) was detected also in two commonly grown Czech cultivars Sakura and Simila. Average fungicide...

Antioxidant enzymes changes in response to drought stress in ten cultivars of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)Original Paper

Tayebeh ABEDI, Hassan PAKNIYAT

Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2010, 46(1):27-34 | DOI: 10.17221/67/2009-CJGPB  

The study was undertaken to identify the responses of antioxidant enzyme activities and their isozyme patterns in seedlings of 10 oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivars under drought stress conditions. Plants were grown under three irrigation regimes (FC; field capacity, 60% FC and 30% FC) in a greenhouse. Drought stress preferentially enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD) whereas it decreased catalase (CAT) activity. Licord with the highest level of enzyme activity under both optimum and limited irrigation regimes is reported as the most tolerant cultivar. Whereas Hyola 308 and Okapy, having...

Freezing tolerance and proline content of in vitro selected hydroxyproline resistant winter oilseed rapeShort Communication

Anna JANSKÁ, Sylva ZELENKOVÁ, Miroslav KLÍMA, Miroslava VYVADILOVÁ, Ilja T. PRÁŠIL

Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2010, 46(1):35-40 | DOI: 10.17221/52/2009-CJGPB  

Twelve doubled haploid (DH) winter oilseed rape plants with altered levels of proline and/or freezing tolerance were obtained by in vitro selection for resistance to trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline (Hyp) in five segregating microspore populations. No significant response to selection either in proline content or in freezing tolerance, compared with the non-selected control populations, was observed. When data from all examined materials were combined, a weak correlation between proline content and freezing tolerance was observed.

Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) RinaNew Varieties

M. Pavelek

Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2010, 46(1):41-42 | DOI: 10.17221/95/2009-CJGPB  

List of field crop varieties registered in the Czech Republic in 2008-2009New Varieties

R. Šafaříková

Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2010, 46(1):43-46 | DOI: 10.17221/9/2010-CJGPB