Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, 2007 (vol. 43), issue 3
Wild potato species: characterization and biological potential for potato breeding - a revoew
Veronika Heřmanová, Jan Bárta, Vladislav Čurn
Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2007, 43(3):73-81 | DOI: 10.17221/2069-CJGPB 
Wild potato species (genus Solanum, section Petota) represent a tremendously diverse gene pool which is traditionally utilized as a source of diverse traits for potato breeding. Abiotic and biotic stress tolerance and resistance belong to the most frequently utilized traits of wild species in potato breeding programs. This review provides an introduction to the taxonomy, centre of diversity, genetic characteristics, evolution and important tolerance and resistance traits of wild potatoes and their use for potato breeding. The review has been written for readers who are interested in the problems of finding and utilization of new resistance...
Reaction of spring wheat cultivars to common bunt caused by Tilletia tritici (Bjerk.) Wint. and Tilletia laevis (Kühn)
Veronika Dumalasová, Pavel Bartoš
Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2007, 43(3):82-86 | DOI: 10.17221/2068-CJGPB
In 2005, 2006 and 2007 nineteen, eight and nine spring wheat cultivars, respectively, were tested in field trials for resistance to common bunt after inoculation with bunt teliospores. Nine spring wheat cultivars were tested in a greenhouse under favourable conditions for the bunt infection. Bunt incidence in the field trials varied between 0% and 38.7%, in the greenhouse between 52.9% and 100%. The results of individual cultivars and years fluctuated. A reduction in plant height, ear length, root system and increased tillering were registered in the inoculated plants. Spots on the leaves of inoculated plants were observed in three out of the four...
Variety resistance of winter barley to powdery mildew in the field in 1976-2005
Antonín Dreiseitl
Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2007, 43(3):87-96 | DOI: 10.17221/2067-CJGPB
The results of evaluation of powdery mildew resistance in winter barley varieties in 285 Czech Official Trials conducted at 20 locations were analysed. Over the period, the number of varieties tested per year increased from four to seven in 1976-1985 to 53-61 in 2002-2005. To assess the resistance of varieties, only trials with sufficient disease severity were used. In 1976-2000, six varieties (1.7% of the varieties tested in the given years) ranked among resistant (average resistance of a variety in a year > 7.5) including NR-468 possessing the gene Mla13, KM-2099 with mlo and Marinka with the genes Mla7, MlaMu2. In...
Genetic resources of barley and oat characterised by microsatellites
Leona Leišová, Ladislav Kučera, Ladislav Dotlačil
Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2007, 43(3):97-104 | DOI: 10.17221/2070-CJGPB
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and oat (Avena sativa L.) are important crop species. 1865 accessions of winter barley, 2707 accessions of spring barley and 1998 accessions of oat are maintained in RICP Gene bank. The expert core collection is used to be established as a tool for germplasm study, conservation of genetic variability and for the identification of useful genes. The main aim of this study was to evaluate genetic diversity of barley and oat genotypes within the expert core collections. Genetic variation of 176 barley accessions was analyzed using 26 microsatellite loci, covering all 6 chromosomes. 330 oat accessions were analyzed...
Assessment of genetic diversity of yellow-seeded rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) accessions by AFLP markers
Chengyu YU, Leona Leišová, Vratislav Kučera, Miroslava Vyvadilová, Jaroslava Ovesná, Ladislav Dotlačil, Shengwu HU
Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2007, 43(3):105-112 | DOI: 10.17221/2071-CJGPB
The genetic diversity of 35 yellow-seeded Brassica napus L. accessions originating from China, Czech Republic and Poland was assessed by means of Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) markers based on multiplex PCR using multi-colour fluorescent-labelled primers. Five brown-seeded accessions originating from China and France were selected as outliers. In total, 632 peaks were generated by AFLP reaction using 18 primer combinations. Only distinctly polymorphic markers among them were scored. In total, 242 polymorphic markers were detected with an average of 13.4 markers per primer combination. The AFLP analysis separated forty studied...
Emmer wheat Rudico can extend the spectra of cultivated plants - Short Communication
Zdeněk Stehno
Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2007, 43(3):113-115 | DOI: 10.17221/2072-CJGPB
Emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccum Schübl. or also T. dicoccon Schrank) tetraploid wheat species was grown in the Czech territory till the 6th century A.D. when it was replaced by bread wheat. At present only landraces and wild forms of this species are available in collections of genetic resources. With the aim to extend the spectra of grown crops, a collection of emmer genetic resources in the Czech Gene Bank was studied. An accession later in ripeness, with a good level of resistance to fungal diseases and with a high yield potential was selected from the collection. After bulk selection procedure and three year testing it gained a...