Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding - In Press
Evaluation of genetic characteristics and physicochemical property of Korean wheat landraces (Triticum aestivum L.)Original Paper
Yumi Lee, Sejin Oh, Seong-Wook Kang, Jaeyoung Ock, Gitak Ryu, Seul Lee, Jinhee Park, Jin-Young Moon, Jin-Young Kim, Jongtae Lee, Seong-Woo Cho
This study evaluated the genetic characteristics and wheat processing–related properties of four Korean wheat landraces (KWLs). KWLs possessed the vernalization alleles vrn–A1, vrn–B1, and Vrn–D1 and the photoperiod alleles Ppd–A1b, Ppd–B1b, and Ppd–D1a. Korean cultivated variety named “Keumgang” also shared these alleles except for vrn–D1. In terms of grain hardness, KWL 2 was shown to possess with Pina–D1a and Pinb–D1b like Keumgang, while other KWLs were classified carrying with Pina–D1a and Pinb–D1a. All KWLs were shown to be non–waxy, carrying alleles Wx–A1a, Wx–B1a, and Wx–D1a. With regard to polyphenol oxidase (PPO) genes, all four KWLs carried low–activity alleles, a trait that differed from Keumgang. The assessment of physicochemical properties revealed that KWL 1, 3, and 4 had a higher amylose content but a lower protein content than KWL 2 and Keumgang. Solvent retention capacity tests showed KWL 1 and KWL 2 as having the lowest and highest values, respectively, for all four tested solvents. With regard to dough properties, the results of Mixolab analysis showed that KWL 1 had a faster starch gelatinization, while KWL 2 exhibited a high water absorption and the longest dough development and stability times. KWL 3 and 4 exhibited similar dough behaviors. Principal component analysis of the four KWL lines revealed distinct clustering based on their physicochemical and dough–related traits.
Evaluation of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) resistance and yield performance of different genotypes of tomatoOriginal Paper
Mollah Naimuzzaman, Faizur Rahman, Md. Fayez Al-Hakim Khan, Md Mahabub Hasan, Real Chandra Das, Farhana Tasmim, Md. Rishad Khan, Md. Mahdi Hasan Munna, Rahim Miah, Md. Omar Sharif, Swapan Kumar Roy, Farjana Sultana, Fahim Ahmed
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) devastates tomato crops worldwide, yet finding varieties that resist the disease while maintaining high yields remains challenging. We tested 25 tomato genotypes in real-world conditions to identify the best performers. We discovered several promising candidates using advanced statistical methods, particularly genotype G13, which showed strong yields (8.8 kg per plant) with 8.67 fruits per cluster and maintained healthy growth under disease pressure. Other standouts (G2, G3, G10, G11) demonstrated moderate resistance, with only 12.5–19.4% disease severity. Key findings revealed that branch number and fruit clusters directly boost yield, a valuable insight for breeders. The high heritability of these traits means growers can reliably select for them in future seasons. Our results provide practical solutions: the identified genotypes offer a genetic toolkit for developing tomatoes that thrive in TYLCV-prone areas without sacrificing productivity. This work bridges the critical gap between disease resistance and yield potential, giving farmers actionable options to protect their harvests.
Mechanisms of overwintering frost tolerance in Alfalfa roots based on 4D-label-free quantitative proteomicsOriginal Paper
Yajun Ma, Yu Zhang, Qiaoxian Zhang, Guo Sun, Yajun Yan, Chuan Wang, Wenbin Mian, Tianhui Yang, Ting Gao
In this study, the protein expression differences between the frost-tolerant variety “Qingda No.1” and the frost-sensitive variety “Gannong No.9” were analysed before and after overwintering using 4D-Label-free quantitative proteomics technology. The results showed that the protein expression of “Qingda No.1” changed more significantly during the overwintering process, and 451 Differentially Expressed Proteins (DEPs) were identified, of which 224 were up-regulated and 227 were down-regulated; while the protein expression of “Gannong No.9” was different from that of alfalfa roots of the frost-sensitive variety, and 204 Differentially Expressed Proteins (DEPs) were identified, of which 93 were up-regulated and 111 were down-regulated.“KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway was significantly enriched in both groups, and key enzymes such as phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase (C4H), and chalcone isomerase (CHI) were significantly up-regulated in the freezing-tolerant varieties. Protein interaction network analysis revealed the synergistic regulation mode of DEPs. This study elucidated the metabolic adaptive mechanism of overwintering in alfalfa roots at the protein level, which provides a theoretical basis for the selection and breeding of frost-tolerant varieties.
Expression and analysis of StNR and StNiRs, key enzyme genes of nitrogen assimilation in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) with different nitrogen efficienciesOriginal Paper
Yuzhu Han, Zhijun Han, Yue Lu, Zhongcai Han, Jiayue Zhang, Jingying Zhang, Hongyu Qiao, Hongxia He
Potato is a pivotal food crops globally. Nitrate reductase (NR) and nitrite reductase (NiR) are the key enzymes in nitrogen assimilation. In previous research, we found that assimilation process of nitrogen metabolism was effectively regulated by StNR and StNiRs in potato and confirmed that there were significant differences for nitrogen utilization efficiency of different potato varieties. In this study, three NUE variants of potato with different nitrogen efficiencies were subjected to various nitrogen supply levels and photoperiod treatments. Results indicated that in the leaves and roots of these variants, the relative expression levels of StNR and StNiRs, along with the enzyme activity of NR and NiR, were proportional to nitrogen supply levels and photoperiod. This study further clarified the expression patterns of StNR and StNiRs, as well as the enzyme activity changes of NR and NiR in leaves and roots under different nitrogen supply levels and different photoperiod treatments. It thereby provides a theoretical basis for further in-depth exploration of the specific functions related to nitrogen absorption and assimilation efficiency in potato.