Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2019, 55(3):101-109 | DOI: 10.17221/188/2017-CJGPB

Efficiency of three haplomethods in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum Desf.): isolated microspore culture, gynogenesis and wheat × maize crossesOriginal Paper

Olfa Slama-Ayed^*,1, Imen Bouhaouel¹, Sourour Ayed^1,3, Jacques De Buyser², Emmanuel Picard², Hajer Slim Amara¹

¹ Genetic and Cereal Breeding Laboratory, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, University of Carthage, Tunis Mahrajene, Tunisia

² MVEH Laboratory, Paris-Sud University, Orsay, France

³ Field Crop Laboratory, Regional Research Development Office of Agriculture in Semi-Arid North West of Kef, Kef, Tunisia

This study presents the first report comparing the efficiency of microspore culture, gynogenesis and durum wheat × maize crosses for haploid plant production from three durum wheat genotypes (Razzek, Karim and Jneh Khotifa). The results showed that the best induction, calli or embryos formation and plant regeneration rates for the three genotypes were obtained with gynogenesis (47.2, 7.6, 0.8%), followed by interspecific crosses (33.1, 1.7, 0.4%) and isolated microspore culture (8.2, 0.05, 0.01%). Interestingly, all plants regenerated by gynogenesis and durum wheat × maize crosses were green whereas all plants obtained by isolated microspore culture were albino. In the haploid production system, all steps of the process are important for the three methods. The critical steps that have greatly reduced the number of regenerated haploid plants were induction, embryogenesis and regeneration for microspore culture, forming and regeneration of calli or embryo and haploid regeneration for interspecific crosses and gynogenesis. Genotypes with good capacity of induction have not necessarily a good capacity of haploid plantlets regeneration and vice-versa. However, calli or embryos formation seems to be an indicator of the haploid production. Overall, Razzek showed a good ability to produce haploids using the three methods. Each haplomethod showed a specific advantage. Although gynogenesis is the less used method for durum wheat, it has proved to be a successful approach for green haploid plant production.

Keywords: androgenesis; haploidization; interspecific crosses; unpollinated ovary culture; wheat

Published: September 30, 2019  Show citation