Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, 2004 (vol. 40), issue 1

Breeding Progress and Performance of Wheat Cultivars in Different Environments in Israel from 1970 to 2002

E. Schwarzbach, S.Y. Atsmon

Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2004, 40(1):1-10 | DOI: 10.17221/3693-CJGPB

The behaviour of wheat cultivars in environments with different yield level and the progress of wheat breeding in Israel were investigated by a statistical exploration of 353 Regional Wheat Trials, performed from 1970 to 2002. In the trials 125 experimental and commercial cultivars of Triticum aestivum, 11 of T. durum and one Triticale line (summarised as cultivars) were tested. The yield levels of trials ranged from 0.5 to 8.8 t/ha. The assumption of additive cultivar effects did not fit to trials differing much in yield since genetic variance within trials was closely related to the yield level of trials. The cultivars...

Arthropod Infestation in Samples of Stored Seeds in the Czech Republic

Z. Kučerová, P. Horák

Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2004, 40(1):11-16 | DOI: 10.17221/3694-CJGPB

Twenty-one types of seed samples (mainly vegetable and grass seed) were analysed in laboratory and 60% arthropod infestation (14 Acarina, 5 Psocoptera species) was found. The seeds of beet, grass, onion, radish and lettuce were most sensitive to infestation. Acarus siro was a dominant mite pest from all aspects (frequency, abundance and seed diversity infestation), followed by Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Tarsonemus granarius and Lepidoglyphus destructor. Cheyletus eruditus was a dominant predatory mite. Lepinotus patruelis was the most frequent psocid pest.

Wheat Production and Breeding in Israel from 1948 to 2002

S.Y. Atsmon, E. Schwarzbach

Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2004, 40(1):17-24 | DOI: 10.17221/3695-CJGPB

The sown wheat acreage in Israel increased from less than 40 000 ha in 1948 to more than 100 000 ha in the seventies and has declined slightly since that time. About 3/4 of the crop are grown in the central part of the country, mostly rain fed, with precipitation of 250-500 mm. The cultivation of durum wheat, originally dominant, has declined since the sixties to a small percentage of the wheat acreage and durum wheat breeding is thus negligible. Local bread wheat breeding started around 1960 independently at three breeding organisations, one of which extensively used genetic material from international breeding programs in Mexico. Since the fifties...