Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 2025, 61(2):55-66 | DOI: 10.17221/93/2024-CJGPB

Association ana­lysis of the molecular characteristics and floral traits of Iris × germanicaOriginal Paper

Feng Tian1, Ya Tian1, Fang Yu1, Jinsen Qian1, Feijian Wang1, Xue Li1, Tongyin Li2, Xiaofei Zhang3, Dazhuang Huang1, Xiaojie Zhao1,*
1 Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, P.R. China
2 Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, USA
3 Hebei Academy of Forestry and Grassland Science, Shijiazhuang, China

Iris × germanica L. (bearded iris) is a popular ornamental plant with numerous commercially important cultivars; however, little is known about the genetic diversity and population structure of the species, as limited DNA markers have been explored. In this study, 34 722 expressed sequence tag (EST)-simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci were identified from RNA sequencing data. The most abundant SSR motifs belonged to the tri-nucleotide type, of which the most common were AGG/CCT followed by AAG/CTT. Overall, 50 primer pairs derived from these EST-SSRs were randomly selected and synthesized, and 22 primer pairs with good polymorphism effects were used for the following experiment. Correlation analysis of nine floral traits showed that most floral traits had significant correlations with each other. Association analysis between SSR molecular markers and nine floral traits showed that 11 EST-SSR markers were associated with 3–6 floral traits. The cluster tree constructed by using the unweighted pair group method demonstrated that the cultivars that had the same parents or similar colour were clustered together. The genotypic relations of most cultivars were consistent with their pedigree-based relationships. The EST-SSR loci identified in this study will facilitate the exploitation of genetic resources and molecular breeding of I. × germanica.

Keywords: bearded iris; EST-SSR markers; flower; genetic diversity; RNA-Seq

Received: August 6, 2024; Revised: December 5, 2024; Accepted: December 6, 2024; Prepublished online: February 3, 2025; Published: April 15, 2025  Show citation

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Tian F, Tian Y, Yu F, Qian J, Wang F, Li X, et al.. Association ana­lysis of the molecular characteristics and floral traits of Iris × germanica. Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed. 2025;61(2):55-66. doi: 10.17221/93/2024-CJGPB.
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